EASY ACCESS
​EMILIO AGUINALDO
Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (March 22, 1869 – February 6, 1964) was a Filipino general, politician, and independence leader. He played an instrumental role during the Philippines' revolution against Spain, and the subsequent Philippine-American War or War of Philippine Independence that resisted American occupation.
Aguinaldo became the Philippines' first President. He was also the youngest (at age 29) to have become the country's president, the longest-lived president (having survived to age 94) and the president to have outlived the most number of successors.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born March 23, 1869
Cavite El Viejo, Spanish East Indies (now Kawit, Cavite, Philippines)
Died February 6, 1964 (aged 94)
Quezon City, Philippines
Resting place Aguinaldo Shrine, Kawit, Cavite, Philippines
Political party Katipunan
National Socialist Party
Spouses Hilaria del Rosario (1877–1921)
MarÃa Agoncillo (1882–1963)
Children Carmen Aguinaldo-Melencio
Emilio Aguinaldo, Jr
Maria Aguinaldo-Poblet
Cristina Aguinaldo-Suntay
Miguel Aguinaldo
Profession Soldier, Manager, Teacher, Revolutionary
Religion Roman Catholic
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MANUEL LUIS M. QUEZON
Manuel Luis Quezón y Molina (August 19, 1878 – August 1, 1944) served as president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first Filipino to head a government of the Philippines (as opposed to other historical states). Quezón is considered by most Filipinos to have been the second president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo (1897–1901).
Quezón was the first Senate president elected to the presidency, the first president elected through a national election, and the first incumbent to secure re-election (for a partial second term, later extended, due to amendments to the 1935 Constitution). He is known as the "Father of the National Language".
During his presidency, Quezón tackled the problem of landless peasants in the countryside, reorganization of the islands' military defense, government reorganization, promotion of settlement and development in Mindanao, tackling the foreign strangle-hold on Philippine trade and commerce, proposals for land reform, and the tackling of graft and corruption within the government. Quezón established an exiled government in the US with the outbreak of the war and the threat of Japanese invasion. During his exile in the US, Manuel L. Quezón died of tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New York.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born August 19, 1878
Baler, Philippines
Died August 1, 1944 (aged 65)
Saranac Lake, United States
Resting place Quezon Memorial Circle, Quezon City, Philippines
Political party Nacionalista Party
Other political
affiliations Democratic Party
Spouse Aurora Aragón
Children Ma. Aurora Quezon
Maria Zeneida Quezon-Avanceña
Manuel L. Quezon, Jr.
Luisa Corazon Paz Quezon=
Alma mater Colegio de San Juan de Letran
University of Santo Tomas
Religion Roman Catholic
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JOSE P. LAUREL
José Paciano Laurel y GarcÃa (March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was the president of the Republic of the Philippines, a Japanese-sponsored administration during World War II, from 1943 to 1945. Since the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), Laurel has been recognized as a legitimate president of the Philippines.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born March 9, 1891
Tanauan City, Philippines
Died November 6, 1959 (aged 68)
Manila, Philippines
Resting place Tanauan City, Batangas, Philippines
Political party Nacionalista Party (Before 1942; 1945–1959)
Other political
affiliations KALIBAPI (1942–1945)
Spouse Pacencia Hidalgo
Children José B. Laurel, Jr.
Sotero Laurel
Natividad Laurel-Guinto
Potenciana Laurel Yupangco
Mariano Laurel
Salvador Laurel
Arsenio Laurel
Rosenda Laurel Avanceña
Alma mater University of the Philippines College of Law
University of Santo Tomas
Yale Law School
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic
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​SERGIO OSMENA
Sergio Osmeña y Suico (9 September 1878 – 19 October 1961) was a Filipino politician who served as the 4th President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He was Vice President under Manuel L. Quezon, and rose to the presidency upon Quezon's death in 1944, being the oldest Philippine president to hold office at age 65. A founder of Nacionalista Party, he was the first Visayan to become President of the Philippines.
Osmeña served as Governor of Cebu from 1901–1907, Member and Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives from 1907–1922, and Senator from the 10th Senatorial District for thirteen years, in which capacity he served as Senate President pro tempore.
Osmeña is the patriarch of the prominent Osmeña family, which includes his son (former Senator Sergio Osmeña, Jr.) and his grandsons (senators Sergio Osmeña III and John Henry Osmeña), ex-governor Lito Osmeña and Cebu City mayor Tomas Osmeña.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born 9 September 1878
Cebu City, Spanish East Indies (now Republic of the Philippines)
Died 19 October 1961 (aged 83)
Quezon City, Philippines
Resting place Manila North Cemetery, Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines
Political party Nacionalista Party
Spouses Estefania Veloso (1901–1918)
Esperanza Limjap (1920–1961)
Children Vicente Osmeña
Nicasio Osmeña
Milagros Osmeña
Emilio Osmeña
Maria Paloma Osmeña
Teodoro Osmeña
Jose Osmeña
Sergio Osmeña, Jr.
Ramon Osmeña
Rosalina Osmeña
Victor Osmeña
Alma mater University of San Carlos
San Juan de Letran College
University of Santo Tomas
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic
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​MANUEL ROXAS
Manuel Acuña Roxas (January 1, 1892 – April 15, 1948) was the first president of the independent Third Republic of the Philippines and fifth president overall. He served as president from the granting of independence in 1946 until his abrupt death in 1948. His term as president of the Philippines was also the third shortest, lasting 1 year 10 months and 18 days.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born January 1, 1892
Capiz, Philippines (now Roxas City)
Died April 15, 1948 (aged 56)
Clark Air Base, Philippines
Resting place Manila North Cemetery, Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines
Political party Liberal Party (1945–1948)
Other political
affiliations Nacionalista Party (Before 1945)
Spouse Trinidad de Leon
Children Gerardo Roxas
Ruby Roxas
Alma mater University of Manila
University of the Philippines College of Law
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic
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​ELPIDIO QUIRINO
Elpidio Rivera Quirino (November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was the sixth President of the Philippines.
As a lawyer, Quirino entered politics when he became a representative of Ilocos Sur from 1919 to 1925. He was then elected as senator from 1925–1931. In 1934, he was a member of the Philippine independence commission that was sent to Washington, D.C., which secured the passage of Tydings-McDuffie Act to American Congress. In 1935, he was also elected to become member of the convention that will write the draft of then 1935 constitution for the newly-established Commonwealth. Under Quezon's cabinet, he served as secretary of the interior and finance.
After the war, Quirino was elected vice-president in 1946 election, consequently the second and last for the Commonwealth and first for the third republic. After the death of the incumbent president Manuel Roxas in 1948, he succeeded the presidency. In what was claimed to be a dishonest and fraudulent 1949 presidential election, he won the president's office under Liberal Party ticket, defeating Nacionalista vie and former president José P. Laurel as well as fellow Liberalista and former Senate President José Avelino.
The Quirino administration was generally challenged by the Hukbalahaps, who ransacked towns and barrios. Quirino ran for president again in the 1953 presidential election, but was defeated by Nacionalista Ramon Magsaysay.
After his term, he retired to his new country home in Novaliches, Quezon City, where he died of a heart attack on February 29, 1956.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born November 16, 1890
Vigan, Philippines
Died February 29, 1956 (aged 65)
Quezon City, Philippines
Resting place Manila South Cemetery, Makati City, Philippines
Political party Liberal Party
Spouse Alicia Syquia
Children Tomas Quirino
Armando Quirino
Victoria Quirino-Delgado
Fe Angela Quirino
Alma mater University of the Philippines College of Law
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic
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​RAMON MAGSAYSAY
Ramón del Fierro Magsaysay (31 August 1907 – 17 March 1957) was the seventh President of the Republic of the Philippines, serving from 30 December 1953 until his death in a 1957 aircraft disaster. An automobile mechanic, Magsaysay was appointed military governor of Zambales after his outstanding service as a guerilla leader during the Pacific War. He then served two terms as Liberal Party congressman for Zambales before being appointed as Secretary of National Defense by President Elpidio Quirino. He was elected President under the banner of the Nacionalista Party.
PERSONAL DETAILS
Born August 31, 1907
Iba, Philippines
Died March 17, 1957 (aged 49)
Balamban, Cebu
Resting place Manila North Cemetery, Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines
Political party Nacionalista Party (1953–1957)
Liberal Party (1946–1953)
Spouse Luz Banzon
Children Teresita Magsaysay
Milagros Magsaysay-Valenzuela
Ramon Magsaysay, Jr.
Alma mater José Rizal University
Profession Engineer
Religion Roman Catholic
Rank Captain
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​CARLOS P. GARCIA
Carlos Polistico GarcÃa (November 4, 1896 – June 14, 1971) was a Filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, political economist and guerrilla leader. He became the eighth President of the Philippines.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born November 4, 1896
Talibon, Philippines
Died June 14, 1971 (aged 74)
Tagbilaran, Philippines
Resting place Libingan ng mga Bayani, Taguig City, Philippines
Political party Nacionalista Party
Spouse Leonila Dimataga
Child Linda Garcia-Ocampos
Alma mater Silliman University
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic
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​DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL
Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (September 28, 1910 – April 21, 1997) was the ninth President of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the sixth Vice President, serving from 1957 to 1961. He also served as a member of the House of Representatives, and headed the Constitutional Convention of 1970. He is the father of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, who served as the 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010.
Macapagal worked as a lawyer for the government. As president, Macapagal worked to suppress graft and corruption and to stimulate the Philippine economy. He introduced the country's first land reform law, placed the peso on the free currency exchange market, and liberalized foreign exchange and import controls. He is also known for shifting the country's observance of Independence Day from July 4 to June 12, commemorating the day Filipino patriots declared independence from Spain in 1898.
He died of heart failure, pneumonia and renal complications at the age of 86.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born September 28, 1910
Lubao, Pampanga
Died April 21, 1997 (aged 86)
Makati, Metro Manila
Resting place Libingan ng mga Bayani, Taguig City, Philippines
Political party Liberal Party
Spouses Purita de la Rosa (1938–1943)
Eva Macaraeg (1946–1997)
Children Arturo Macapagal
Cielo Macapagal-Salgado
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
Diosdado Macapagal, Jr.
Alma mater University of the Philippines
University of Santo Tomas
Profession Lawyer, Professor
Religion Roman Catholic
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​FERDINAND EMMANUEL MARCOS
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino politician who held the title of President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine House of Representatives (1949–1959) and a member of the Philippine Senate (1959–1965). He was Senate President from 1963–1965.
He implemented wide-ranging programs of infrastructure development and economic reform. However, his administration was marred by massive authoritarian, political repression, and human rights violations.
In 1983, his government was accused of being involved in the assassination of his primary political opponent, Benigno Aquino, Jr. Public outrage over the assassination served as the catalyst for the People Power Revolution in February 1986 that led to his removal from power and eventual exile in Hawaii. It was later discovered that, during his 20 years in power, he and his wife Imelda Marcos had moved billions of dollars of embezzled public funds to accounts and investments in the United States, Switzerland, and other countries.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born September 11, 1917
Sarrat, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Died September 28, 1989 (aged 72)
Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Resting place Marco's Museum and Mausoleum, Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Political party Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (1978–1989)
Other political
affiliations Liberal Party (1946–1965)
Nacionalista Party (1965–1978)
Spouse Imelda Romuáldez
Children Ma. Imelda Marcos
Ferdinand Marcos, Jr.
Irene Marcos-Araneta
Alma mater University of the Philippines College of Law
Profession Lawyer
Religion Roman Catholic, formerly Iglesia Filipina Independiente or
Philippine Independent Church
Rank Second Lieutenant
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​MARIA CORAZON COJUANGCO AQUINO
Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino (January 25, 1933 – August 1, 2009) was the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office (first female president in Asia). She led the 1986 People Power Revolution, which toppled Ferdinand Marcos and restored democracy in the Philippines. She was named "Woman of the Year" in 1986 by Time Magazine.
A self-proclaimed "plain housewife", Aquino was married to Senator Benigno Aquino, Jr.. Senator Benigno Aquino, Jr. was assassinated on August 21, 1983 upon returning to the Philippines after three years in exile in the United States. After her husband's assassination, Corazon Aquino emerged as the leader of the opposition against the Marcos administration. In late 1985, when President Marcos called for a snap election, Aquino ran for president with former senator Salvador Laurel as her vice-presidential running mate. These events eventually led to the ousting of Marcos and the installation of Aquino as President of the Philippines on February 25, 1986 through the "People Power Revolution".
President Aquino oversaw the promulgation of a new constitution, established a bicameral legislature. Her administration gave strong emphasis and concern for civil liberties and human rights, and peace talks with communist insurgents and Muslim secessionists. Aquino's economic policies centered on bringing back economic health and confidence and focused on creating a market-oriented and socially responsible economy. Aquino's administration also faced a series of coup attempts and destructive natural calamities and disasters until the end of her term in 1992.
In 2008, Aquino was diagnosed with colon cancer and, after a one-year battle with the disease, died on August 1, 2009. Her son Benigno Aquino III was elected president himself and was sworn in on June 30, 2010.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born January 25, 1933
Paniqui, Tarlac, Philippines
Died August 1, 2009 (aged 76)
Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines
Resting place Manila Memorial Park, Parañaque, Metro Manila, Philippines
Political party Liberal Party
UNIDO
PDP-Laban
Spouse Benigno S. Aquino, Jr. (1954-1983)
Children Ma. Elena Aquino-Cruz
Aurora Corazon Aquino-Abellada
Benigno S. Aquino III
Victoria Elisa Aquino-Dee
Kristina Bernadette Aquino
Alma mater St. Scholastica's College, College of Mount Saint Vincent, New York
Far Eastern University
Profession Housewife
Religion Roman Catholic
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​FIDEL V. RAMOS
Fidel "Eddie" Valdez Ramos, GCMG (born March 18, 1928), popularly known as FVR, was the 12th President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. During his six years in office, Ramos was widely credited and admired by many for revitalizing and renewing international confidence in the Philippine economy.
Under Ramos, the country experienced a period of political stability and rapid economic growth and expansion, as a result of his policies and programs designed to foster national reconciliation and unity. Ramos was able to secure major peace agreements with Muslim separatists, communist insurgents and military rebels, which renewed investor confidence in the Philippine economy. Ramos also aggressively pushed for the deregulation of the nation's major industries and the privatization of bad government assets. As a result of his hands-on approach to the economy, the Philippines was dubbed by various international magazines and observers as Asia's Next Economic Tiger.
However, the momentum in the economic gains was briefly interrupted during the onset of the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. During the last year of the term, the economy managed to make a rebound since it was not severely hit by the crisis as compared to other Asian economies.
He is the only Filipino to receive an honorary British Knighthood from the United Kingdom, the GCMG or the Knight Grand Cross of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael and St George, bestowed to him by Queen Elizabeth II in 1995 for services to politics and government.
To date, Ramos is the first and only non-Catholic President of the Philippines. He belongs to the Protestant United Church of Christ in the Philippines.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born March 18, 1928
Lingayen, Pangasinan, American Philippines
Political party Lakas-Kampi-CMD (2009–present)
Other political
affiliations Lakas-CMD (1991–2009)
LDP (1991)
Spouse Amelita Martinez
Children Angelita Ramos-Jones
Josephine Ramos-Samartino
Carolina Ramos-Sembrano
Cristina Ramos-Jalasco
Gloria Ramos
Alma mater United States Military Academy
Ateneo de Manila University
Mapúa Institute of Technology
University of the Philippines High School
Silliman University
National Defense College of the Philippines
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
Occupation Soldier
Civil engineer
Religion United Church of Christ in the Philippines
Rank General
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JOSEPH E. ESTRADA
Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada (born Jose Marcelo Ejercito on April 19, 1937) was the 13th President of the Philippines, serving from 1998 until 2001. Estrada was the first person in the Post-EDSA era to be elected both to the presidency and vice-presidency.
Estrada gained popularity as a film actor, playing the lead role in over 100 films in an acting career spanning 33 years. He used his popularity as an actor to make gains in politics, serving as mayor of San Juan for seventeen years, as Senator for one term, then as Vice President of the Philippines under the administration of President Fidel Ramos.
Estrada was elected President in 1998 with a wide margin of votes separating him from the other challengers, and was sworn into the presidency on June 30, 1998. In 2000 he declared an "all-out-war" against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and captured its headquarters and other camps. However, allegations of corruption spawned an impeachment trial in the Senate, and in 2001 Estrada was ousted by "People Power" 2 after the prosecution walked out of the impeachment court when the Senator Judges voted no in the opening of the second envelope. The EDSA 2 protests resulted from the concerted efforts of political, business, military, and church elites who were displeased by Estrada's policies that included removal of sovereign guarantees on government contracts. In October 2000, the Daily Tribune reported about elite plans to "'constitutionally' oust President Estrada under 'Oplan Excelsis."
In 2007, he was sentenced by the special division of the Sandiganbayan to reclusion perpetua for plunder, but was later granted pardon by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. He ran for president anew in the 2010 Philippine presidential election, but lost to then Senator Benigno Aquino III.
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​PERSONAL DETAILS
Born April 19, 1937 (age 75)
Tondo, Manila, Philippines
Political party PMP (1991–present)
Other political
affiliations Nacionalista (1969–1987)
Liberal Party (1987–1991)
Spouse Luisa Pimentel
Alma mater Ateneo de Manila University,
Mapúa Institute of Technology
Profession Actor
Businessperson
Politician
Religion Roman Catholic
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​GLORIA MACAPAGAL - ARROYO, Ph.D.
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, Ph.D. (born April 5, 1947) is a Filipino politician who served as the 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010, as the 12th Vice President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001, and is currently a member of the House of Representatives representing the 2nd District of Pampanga. She was the country's second female president (after Corazón Aquino), and the daughter of former President Diosdado Macapagal.
Arroyo was a former professor of economics at Ateneo de Manila University. She entered government in 1987, serving as assistant secretary and undersecretary of the Department of Trade and Industry upon the invitation of President Corazon Aquino. After serving as a senator from 1992 to 1998, she was elected to the vice presidency under President Joseph Estrada, despite having run on an opposing ticket. After Estrada was accused of corruption, she resigned her cabinet position as Secretary of Social Welfare and Development and joined the growing opposition to the president, who faced impeachment. Estrada was soon forced from office by the EDSA Revolution of 2001, and Arroyo was sworn into the presidency by Chief Justice Hilario Davide, Jr. on January 20, 2001. She was elected to a full six-year presidential term in the controversial May 2004 Philippine elections, and was sworn in on June 30, 2004. Following her presidency she was elected to the House of Representatives, making her the second Philippine president—after José P. Laurel—to pursue a lower office after their presidency.
On November 18, 2011, Arroyo was arrested following the filing of criminal charges against her for electoral fraud. As of December 9, 2011, she is incarcerated at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center in Quezon City under charges of electoral sabotage.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born April 5, 1947 (age 65)
San Juan, Philippines
Political party Lakas Kampi CMD (2009–present)
Other political
affiliations LDP (Before 1998)
KAMPI (1997–2009)
Lakas-CMD (1998–2009)
Spouse Jose Miguel Arroyo
Children Juan Miguel M. Arroyo
Evangelina Lourdes Arroyo-Bernas
Diosdado Ignacio Jose Maria M. Arroyo
Alma mater Georgetown University
Assumption College
Ateneo de Manila University
University of the Philippines, Diliman
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BENIGNO AQUINO III
Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino; born February 8, 1960), also known as Noynoy Aquino or PNoy, is a Filipino politician who has been the 15th and current President of the Philippines since June 2010.
Aquino is a fourth-generation politician: his great-grandfather, Servillano "Mianong" Aquino, served as a delegate to the Malolos Congress; his grandfather, Benigno Aquino, Sr., served as Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 1943 to 1944; and his parents were President Corazon Aquino and Senator Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. Aquino is a member of the Liberal Party.
Following the death of his mother on August 1, 2009, many people began calling on Aquino to run for president. On September 9, 2009, Aquino officially announced he would be a candidate in the 2010 presidential election, held on May 10, 2010. On June 9, 2010, the Congress of the Philippines proclaimed Aquino the winner of the 2010 presidential election. On June 30, 2010, at the Quirino Grandstand in Rizal Park, Manila, Aquino was sworn into office as the fifteenth President of the Philippines, succeeding Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, by Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Conchita Carpio-Morales.
Although the official residence of the President is the Malacañang Palace, Aquino actually resides in the Bahay Pangarap (House of Dreams), located within the Palace grounds.
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PERSONAL DETAILS
Born February 8, 1960
Manila, Philippines
Political party Liberal Party
Residence Bahay Pangarap (Official)
Quezon City (Private)
Alma mater Ateneo de Manila University
Religion Roman Catholic












